I had almost the same approach and have the same messages and issues like @torfkop posted, but with the minor difference, I tried to migrate the system from VMWare .vmdk to Proxmox qcow2 - like I did it serveral times before with ubuntu (nextcloud), windows 10,11 ....
Unfortunatly @WalterH 's approch didn't work for me. Whatever I tried (ide, sata, scsi, virtio) I did't succseed in getting the system booted and disks mounted correctly
WalterH Today we migrated a XEN cluster to Proxmox and ran into a similar problem, no disks under Proxmox. Proxmox uses the KVM disk drivers which are not in the initrd. The solution was quite simple:
configure the disks in Proxmox as SATA and reboot the server
now the disks are mounted correctly
mount a small KVM disk to load the KVM drivers
recreate the initrd with dracut -force
shut down the server and switch the disks back to KVM
reboot the server and all disks are correctly mounted and grommunio is running
remove the small KVM disk from step 3.
It is probably similar with VMware, but with different drivers.
Does anyone has some hints or advices how to deal with the situation. What I would like to avoid is to setup up from scratch, do the whole configuration again and restore liked discribed by @Andy and or @crbp
Best klaus